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Table 4 Characteristics and longitudinal analysis of the individual variables’ relation to the family members’ sense of security during ongoing palliative care (independent variable)

From: Can a single question about family members’ sense of security during palliative care predict their well-being during bereavement? A longitudinal study during ongoing care and one year after the patient’s death

Varible domain

Variable (range of response alternatives/index) n = 158

% Responses

Description Mean [SD] (Range) or Percent

Wald valuesa

Relation-shipb

Wellbeing during bereavement

Health-related quality of life: EQ5D index (−0.594 (worst possible) – 1.00 (best possible))

100

0.78 (0.23 [−0.041–1.00])

5.74

+

Mobility (1 (no problems) - 3 (severe problems))

100

1.21 (0.41 [1–2])

0.60

 

Self-care (1 (no problems) - 3 (severe problems))

100

1.02 (0.14 [1–2])

2.00

 

Usual activities (1 (no problems) - 3 (severe problems))

100

1.08 (0–30 [1–3])

0.01

 

Pain/Discomfort (1 (no problems) - 3 (severe problems))

100

1.63 (0.60 [1–3])

3.91

Anxiety/Depression (1 (no problems) - 3 (severe problems))

100

1.47 (0.55 [1–3])

17.60

General health (from SF-36; 1 (excellent) - 5 (bad))

100

2.85 (1.11 [1–5])

7.45

Quality of life (from WHO QOL 100; 1 (very bad) - 5 (very good))

100

4.03 (0.89 [1–5 9)

14.95

+

Nervousness and stress (from Perceived Stress Scale; 1 (never) -5 (very often))

100

2.48 (1.21] (1–5)

17.26

Too many problems to manage (from General Self-Efficacy Scale; 1 (never) -5 (very often))

99

1.64 (0.97 [1–5])

5.94

Psychological well-being (WHO-wellbeing index; 6–30; 1 (at no time) -6 (all of the time))

100

20.87 (5.83 [6–30])

23.75

+

Had own contact with health care because of the death of the patient

99

1.49 [0.91] (1–4)

12.23

Complicated grief symptoms (Inventory of complicated grief screen; 1 (never) -5 (always))

100

2.41 (0.77 (1–4.56])

23.55

  1. The relationships between the family members’ sense of security and the individual variables were evaluated by Wald values derived from a generalized linear model analysis
  2. aWald = 4 is approximately equivalent to P = 0.05; Wald = 6 is approximately equivalent to P = 0.01
  3. b “+” means a positive relationship between response and explanatory variables; “-” indicates a negative relationship