From: Severe pain at the end of life: a population-level observational study
Effect | Odds Ratio Estimate | Lower 95% Confidence Limit for Odds Ratio | Upper 95% Confidence Limit for Odds Ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Age | |||
 0–49 | ref | ref | ref |
 50–59 | 0.79 | 0.58 | 1.08 |
 60–69 | 0.60 | 0.45 | 0.80 |
 70–79 | 0.44 | 0.33 | 0.59 |
 80–89 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.47 |
 90+ | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.42 |
Sex | |||
 Male | ref | ref | ref |
 Female | 1.25 | 1.16 | 1.35 |
Income Quintile | |||
 Highest | ref | ref | ref |
 High | 1.10 | 0.97 | 1.24 |
 Middle | 1.07 | 0.94 | 1.21 |
 Low | 1.03 | 0.92 | 1.17 |
 Lowest | 1.08 | 0.95 | 1.21 |
Rurality | |||
 Urban | ref | ref | ref |
 Rural | 0.98 | 0.89 | 1.08 |
ADLsa | |||
 Independent | ref | ref | ref |
 Limited impairment | 1.12 | 0.98 | 1.28 |
 Supervision required | 1.10 | 0.94 | 1.29 |
 Extensive assistance required (I) | 1.26 | 1.08 | 1.46 |
 Extensive assistance required (II) | 1.31 | 1.13 | 1.51 |
 Dependent | 1.76 | 1.53 | 2.04 |
 Total dependence | 2.05 | 1.63 | 2.59 |
IADLsb | |||
 No difficulty in any of three IADLs | ref | ref | ref |
 Some difficulty in one IADL only | 2.04 | 0.83 | 5.03 |
 Some difficulty in two IADLs only | 2.69 | 1.20 | 6.04 |
 Some difficulty in all three IADLs | 2.16 | 0.80 | 5.87 |
 Great difficulty in one IADL but less than great difficulty in the other two | 3.57 | 1.63 | 7.83 |
 Great difficulty in two IADLs but less than great difficulty in the other one | 3.90 | 1.79 | 8.51 |
 Great difficulty in all three IADLs | 3.09 | 1.41 | 6.77 |
Palliative Home Care | |||
 No | ref | ref | ref |
 Yes | 1.13 | 1.03 | 1.24 |
Physician Home Visit | |||
 No Physician Home Visit | ref | ref | ref |
 Physician Home Visit Non Specialist | 1.12 | 0.99 | 1.26 |
 Palliative Care Specialist | 1.14 | 0.91 | 1.44 |
Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS) | |||
 Intact | ref | ref | ref |
 Borderline intact | 1.10 | 0.97 | 1.24 |
 Mild impairment | 0.97 | 0.88 | 1.08 |
 Moderate impairment | 0.75 | 0.65 | 0.87 |
 Moderate/severe impairment | 0.61 | 0.48 | 0.78 |
 Severe impairment | 0.68 | 0.56 | 0.82 |
 Very severe impairment | 0.52 | 0.40 | 0.68 |
Number of Chronic Conditions | |||
 0–2 | ref | ref | ref |
 3–4 | 1.09 | 0.98 | 1.21 |
 5+ | 1.34 | 1.21 | 1.49 |
Trajectory | |||
 Frailty | ref | ref | ref |
 Organ Failure | 1.06 | 0.94 | 1.19 |
 Sudden Death | 1.28 | 1.04 | 1.58 |
 Undetermined | 1.26 | 0.95 | 1.68 |
 Other | 1.59 | 1.28 | 1.97 |
 Terminal Illness | 1.66 | 1.46 | 1.88 |