Table 2 Summary of the included articles

Liu et al.,

2023 [26]

Lung cancer (NSCLC and SCLC)

3634 (F = 1209, M = 2425); Mean age (SD): 60.2y (± 9.86)

3%

Frequency during the hospital stay and 30 days after hospital admission (telephone follow-up): Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment*

Median = Non-NIS group: 20.6 months, NIS group: 31.2 months, p ≤ 0.001

NIA days / 1.401

[1.07–1.81]

Marmor et al., 2020 [25]

Lung cancer (NSCLC and SCLC)

201.674

(F = 95.144, M = 106.530)

Age: < 80y: 82% of N total

8517 (4%)

Retrospective data: ICD-9-CM (diagnostic codes for dysphagia) and CPT

Median = with dysphagia:

8 months [95%CI 7–9] HR: 1.34 [95%CI 1.28–1.35]

without dysphagia: 12 months [95%CI 11–13], p ≤ 0.0001

NIA days /

1.34

[1.28–1.35]

Abbas et al.,

2019 [22]

Lung cancer (NSCLC)

63 (F = 22, M = 41)

Median age

(interquartile range) = 66.6y

(57.2–72.1)

4 (7.1%) of 56 patients alive after 6 months

Frequency not reported: CTCAE version 3.0*

Median = 21 months

Not

Markos et al., 2019 [21]

Lung cancer (NSCLC)

42 (F = 7, M = 35)

Mean age (range) = 68.4y (52–80)

All patients

Frequency not reported: cites the stages, but does not refer to which protocol

Mean = 4 months

Not

Arscott et al.,

2018 [23]

Melanoma

Lung cancer (NSCLC)

Kidney cancer

Liver cancer

Myeloma

Sarcoma

30 (F = 9, M = 21)

Median age at time of RT (range) = 61y (27–82)

9 (30%)

Frequency not reported: CTCAE version 4.0*

Median = 87 days

Not

Kim et al., 2018 [24]

Lung cancer (NSCLC and SCLC)

84 (F = 23, M = 61)

Mean age (SD) = Stent group: 62.4y (± 11.5), Gastrostomy group: 58.5y (± 6.3)

All patients

Retrospective data: SEMS or PG placement

HR: 0.682

p = 0.219 (between SEMS and PG)

Not

Hatton et al., 2016 [30]

Lung cancer (NSCLC)

18 (F = 4, M = 14)

Mean age (range) 70y

(44–84)

16%

Frequency not reported: CTCAE version 4.0*

Rate: 2 years of survival = 49%

Not

Thier et al., 2016 [32]

Glioblastoma

57 (F = 18, M = 39)

Mean age at death (SD) = 59y (± 11)

37 (65%)

Daily: Signs, symptoms, and treatment strategies were registered using the standardized protocol + additional information from the patients’ charts*

Mean = 48 weeks

Not

Bradley et al., 2015 [28]

Lung cancer (NSCLC)

465 (F = 188, M = 277) Median (range) = 60 Gy group: 64y (38–83), 74 Gy group: 64y (41–83), Cetuximab group: 64y (38–83), No-cetuximab group: 64y (37–82)

139 (31%)

Frequency not reported: CTCAE version 3.0*

Median (months) 60 Gy group: 28.7 = 1.38 [1·09–1·76], 74 Gy group: 20.3, p = 0.004 | Cetuximab group: 25 = 1.07 [0.84–1.35], No-cetuximab group: 24.0, p = 0,29

Not

Koekkoek et al.,

2014 [27]

Highgrade Glioma

178 (F = 53, M = 125); Mean age at diagnosis, years (SD)—59.7 (12.5)

Dysphagia prevalence at 3 months before death = 7.5%, Dysphagia prevalence at 1 week before death = 24.5%

Physicians who had been involved in EOL care for these patients were invited to complete questionnaires on the EOL phase

Median = Group with grade IV—10.6 months [9.2–12.1], Group with grade III = 12.4 months [10.6–14.1], p ≥ .05

Not

Ansari et al.,

2014 [31]

Thymoma

45 (F = 18, M = 27)

Mean age

(range) = 43y (45.4 ± 17.7)

3 (7%)

Every 3 months for the first 2 years

Every 4 months during the third year Every 6 months in the fourth and fifth years and annually thereafter: history and physical examination*

Rate (5 years of survival = 70.8%, 10 years of survival = 62.9%)

Not

Ediebah et al., 2014 [2]

Lung cancer (NSCLC)

391 (F = 136, M = 255)

Median age (range) = 

Group A: 57y (27–75),

Group B: 57y (28–75),

Group C: 56y (31–75)

307 (78.5%)

Every 6 weeks: global health status/QOL scale*

Median = (F = 9.6 months, M = 7.2 months)

NIA days /

1.12

[1.04–1.20]

Oberije et al., 2014 [33]

Lung cancer (NSCLC and SCLC)

155 (F = 69, M = 86)

Mean age (SD) = 

NSCLC group: 64.7y (± 10.5),

SCLC group: 65.5y (± 8.8)

Grade ≥ 3 dysphagia = NSCLC group: 14 (11.6%), SCLC group: 3 (12.0%)

Any timepoint during or after the end of RT, with a maximum of 4 weeks: CTCAE version 3.0*

NIA

Not

Schuette et al., 2012 [29]

Lung cancer (NSCLC)

95 (F = 29, M = 66)

Mean age (SD) = 

Placebo group: 64.2y (± 7.7), Treatment group:

61.6y (± 9.8)

Grade ≥ 2 dysphagia = Palifermin group: 30 subjects (61%), Placebo group: 32 subjects (70%)

Grade ≥ 3 dysphagia = Palifermin group: 11 subjects (22%), Placebo group: 13 subjects (28%)

Grade 4 dysphagia = reported for one subject in the palifermin group

Twice weekly: CTCAE version 3.0*

Median = 

Placebo: 319 days, Palifermin: 513 days

Not