Table 2 Factors associated with awareness of advance care planning and hospice palliative care by univariate analysis (n = 13,546, N = 45.7)

Gender

 Male

3,986 (59.4)

2,461 (40.6)

4,169 (63.7)

2,278 (36.3)

 Female

4,576 (61.9)

2,523 (38.1)

4,701 (64.9)

2,398 (35.1)

Age (years)

 15–19

430 (73.3)

137 (26.7)

427 (76.2)

140 (23.8)

 20–29

1,346 (71.0)

526 (29.0)

1,339 (71.3)

533 (28.7)

 30–39

1,131 (58.9)

734 (41.1)

1,198 (63.0)

667 (37.0)

 40–49

1,050 (55.8)

797 (44.2)

1,113 (59.1)

734 (40.9)

 50–59

1,858 (53.9)

1,314 (46.1)

1,963 (59.7)

1,209 (40.3)

 ≥ 60

2,747 (61.2)

1,476 (38.8)

2,830 (65.3)

1,393 (34.7)

Education

 ≤ 6

500 (69.0)

201 (31.0)

537 (76.9)

164 (23.1)

 7–12

4,598 (60.7)

2,623 (39.3)

4,766 (65.0)

2,455 (35.0)

 ≥ 13

3,464 (59.8)

2,160 (40.2)

3,567 (62.4)

2,057 (37.6)

Household income quintile

 1st (lowest)

1,783 (62.6)

921 (37.4)

1,842 (66.8)

862 (33.2)

 2nd

1,711 (58.4)

1,118 (41.6)

1,704 (60.6)

1,125 (39.4)

 3rd

1,507 (55.6)

1,127 (44.4)

1,557 (58.7)

1,077 (41.3)

 4th

1,711 (59.0)

1,050 (41.0)

1,814 (63.3)

947 (36.7)

 5th (highest)

1,850 (68.3)

768 (31.7)

1,953 (72.8)

665 (27.2)

Chronic health conditions

 No

6,259 (60.5)

3,730 (39.5)

6,490 (64.1)

3,499 (35.9)

 Yes

2,303 (61.4)

1,254 (38.6)

2,380 (65.0)

1,177 (35.0)

Self-rated health

 Good

6,209 (59.0)

4,028 (41.0)

6,500 (62.7)

3,737 (37.3)

 Poor

2,353 (67.1)

956 (32.9)

2,370 (70.7)

939 (29.3)

Type of public health insurance

 National Health Insurance

8,360 (60.6)

4,867 (39.4)

8,650 (64.2)

4,577 (35.8)

 Medical Aid

202 (62.7)

117 (37.3)

220 (68.0)

99 (32.0)

Purchase of supplemental private health insurance

 No

2,332 (61.7)

1,262 (38.3)

2,423 (66.3)

1,171 (33.7)

 Yes

6,230 (60.3)

3,722 (39.7)

6,447 (63.6)

3,505 (36.4)

Recent outpatient visit

 No

3,705 (60.9)

2,059 (39.1)

3,955 (66.9)

1,809 (33.1)

 Yes

4,857 (60.5)

2,925 (39.5)

4,915 (62.1)

2,867 (37.9)

Hospitalization in the past year

 No

8,446 (60.9)

4,883 (39.1)

8,745 (64.4)

4,584 (35.6)

 Yes

116 (50.2)

101 (49.8)

125 (57.1)

92 (42.9)

Health checkup in the past year

 No

5,060 (63.0)

2,642 (37.0)

5,167 (66.2)

2,535 (33.8)

 Yes

3,502 (57.3)

2,342 (42.7)

3,703 (61.6)

2,141 (38.4)

Inadequate access to health care due to cost burden in the past year

 No

7,586 (59.4)

4,723 (40.6)

7,896 (63.2)

4,413 (36.8)

 Yes

976 (76.8)

261 (23.2)

974 (77.3)

263 (22.7)

Trust in health care system

 Distrust

3,152 (70.9)

1,167 (29.1)

3,136 (71.1)

1,183 (28.9)

 Trust

5,410 (55.7)

3,817 (44.3)

5,734 (61.1)

3,493 (38.9)