| All (N = 180) | Chinese American (N = 82) | Others (N = 98) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time between first CKD 4 visit and first dialysis (months), median (IQR) | 22.3 (10.5–39.5) | 24.6 (13.6–47.5) | 21.2 (9.3–37.3) | 0.19 |
Number of visits between first CKD 4 visit and first dialysis, median (IQR) | 12 (6–20) | 14 (8–22) | 10 (4–17) | 0.005 |
Number of visits per year between first CKD 4 visit and first dialysis, median (IQR) | 6.6 (4.6–10.3) | 7.2 (4.9–11.1) | 6.0 (4.3–9.1) | 0.14 |
Dialysis was addressed, n (%) | 174 (99.4) | 80 (100.0) | 94 (99.0) | 1.00 |
Number of times dialysis documented in clinic notes, median (IQR) | 7 (4–11) | 9 (5–14) | 6 (4–10) | 0.016 |
Prognosis was addressed, n (%) | 54 (33.1) | 26 (34.2) | 28 (32.2) | 0.78 |
Interpreter present, n (%) | 61 (35.9) | 50 (67.7) | 11 (11.6) |  < 0.0001 |
Professional interpreter, n (%) | 47 (26.1) | 42 (51.2) | 5 (5.1) |  < 0.0001 |
Family member, n (%) | 28 (15.6) | 22 (26.8) | 6 (6.1) |  < 0.0001 |
Family member was present at visit, n (%) | 98 (56.0) | 60 (75.0) | 38 (40.0) |  < 0.0001 |
Participants with understanding of treatment documented in electronic health record, n (%) | 43 (30.9) | 25 (38.5) | 18 (24.3) | 0.07 |
Alternative to dialysis treatment addressed in visit, n (%) | 93 (53.8) | 39 (49.4) | 54 (57.5) | 0.29 |
Transplant, n (%) | 75 (41.7) | 27 (32.9) | 48 (49.0) | 0.03 |
Conservative care, n (%) | 16 (8.9) | 8 (9.8) | 8 (8.2) | 0.71 |
Symptom management / palliative care / end-of-life care, n (%) | 10 (5.6) | 6 (7.3) | 4 (4.1) | 0.35 |
Any conversations between provider and proxy/family, n (%) | 23 (14.8) | 16 (23.9) | 7 (8.0) | 0.006 |
Dialysis as a bridge to transplant noted, n (%) | 35 (24.3) | 12 (17.1) | 23 (31.1) | 0.05 |